Autor
Palabras clave
Principio de territorialidad
extraterritorialidad
actuaciones jurídico-administrativas de las CC. AA.
principio de reconocimiento mutuo
equivalencia
país de origen.
Resumen
El reconocimiento de efectos jurídicos extraterritoriales a actuaciones administrativas de las comunidades autónomas es habitual en nuestro ordenamiento, sin perjuicio de admitir, al mismo tiempo, que el principio de territorialidad ordena el sistema constitucional de distribución de competencias. De hecho, en el ordenamiento español cabe identifi car hasta cuatro tipos de extraterritorialidad diferentes. Sin perjuicio de los matices según cada tipo, se puede afirmar que esa realidad jurídica comparte modelo regulativo y elementos estructurales con un principio del derecho europeo que ordena situaciones similares, aunque en contextos transnacionales: el principio de reconocimiento mutuo. Este estudio muestra que, con independencia del nomen iuris, en ambos casos la operatividad del reconocimiento depende de la previa equivalencia entre ordenamientos, así como de la selección de la norma aplicable con base en el criterio del país de origen. Del mismo modo, en ambos contextos el reconocimiento se manifi esta con variantes diversas, pero, en todo caso, se concretan en una gradación de automaticidad/condicionalidad. La STC 79/2017 ha negado este enfoque al analizar la constitucionalidad del principio de efi cacia nacional que instauraba la Ley de Garantía de la Unidad de Mercado. Este estudio cuestiona la tesis del Tribunal, identificando las variantes del reconocimiento mutuo que deben considerarse inconstitucionales en función del tipo de extraterritorialidad.
Keywords
Principle of territoriality; extraterritoriality; legal-administrative actions of Autonomous Communities; principle or mutual recognition; equivalence; country of origin.
Abstract
e recognition of extraterritorial legal eff ects to the administrative actions of the Autonomous Communities is common in our legal system. Notwithstanding, the principle of territoriality governs the constitutional system of distribution of public power. In fact, up to four types of extraterritoriality can be identified. In general terms, these legal phenomena share the same normative model and structural elements
with the principle of mutual recognition of European Law. Th e study shows that, leaving aside the nomen iuris, in both cases the recognition depends on the previous equivalence between legal orders, as well as the selection of the enforcing provision based on the criterion of the country of origin. Notwithstanding the above, there are several mutual recognition variants according to a gradation of automaticity/conditionality of the recognition action. The Constitutional Court Judgment 79/2017 has nevertheless denied this approach while analyzing the principle of national effectiveness established by the Guarantee of the Market Unit Act. Th is paper contests the Court’s thesis, identifying those mutual recognition variants which are not constitutional depending on the type of extraterritoriality.
with the principle of mutual recognition of European Law. Th e study shows that, leaving aside the nomen iuris, in both cases the recognition depends on the previous equivalence between legal orders, as well as the selection of the enforcing provision based on the criterion of the country of origin. Notwithstanding the above, there are several mutual recognition variants according to a gradation of automaticity/conditionality of the recognition action. The Constitutional Court Judgment 79/2017 has nevertheless denied this approach while analyzing the principle of national effectiveness established by the Guarantee of the Market Unit Act. Th is paper contests the Court’s thesis, identifying those mutual recognition variants which are not constitutional depending on the type of extraterritoriality.