Autor
Palabras clave
Unión por el Mediterráneo, Proceso de Barcelona, Partenariado Euromediterráneo, política exterior europea, europeización, potencia normativa europea, gobernanza externa, multilateralismo flexible, convergencia, coherencia, incentivos, legitimidad.
Resumen
La Unión por el Mediterráneo (UpM) crea un nuevo marco de cooperación regional entre la UE y sus socios mediterráneos, que plantea dudas en torno a su coordinación con el existente Partenariado Euromediterráneo. La UpM es tecnocrática (proyectos técnicos orientados al crecimiento económica), flexible (geometría variable) y genera sentimiento de apropiación entre los socios (nuevas instituciones compartidas). Los cambios introducidos por la UpM plantean dudas y desafíos tanto en la UE como entre los socios. El proceso de formulación de la UpM, liderado por Sarkozy, desveló problemas de cohesión interna en la UE; además, la institucionalización de la UpM supone un debilitamiento del papel de la Comisión y de la lógica comunitaria. Los socios critican a la UpM porque no va a ofrecer nuevos incentivos financieros en momentos de crisis económica internacional. Los sectores reformistas de los países árabes desaprueban a la UpM por su dimensión tecnocrática, que no toma en consideración los valores (democracia, Derechos Humanos) inherentes al Proceso de Barcelona.
Keywords
Union for the Mediterranean, Barcelona Process, Euromediterranean Partnership, European Foreign Policy, Europeanization, Europe Normative Power, External Governance, Flexible Multilateralism, Convergence, Coherence, Incentives, Legitimacy.
Abstract
The Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) creates a new regional cooperation
framework between the EU and the Mediterranean partners that raises doubts regarding the coordination with the current Euromediterranean Partnership. The UfM is technocratic (technical projects aimed to growth), flexible (variable geometry) and establishes the sense of co-ownership amongst the EU-partners (new co-shared institutions). The changes introduced by the UfM raise doubts and challenges either in the EU or amongst the partners. The formulation process of the UfM, led by Sarkozy, revealed problems of internal cohesion in the EU. Furthermore the institutionalization of the UfM entails a weakening of the Commission role and the communitarian rationale. The partners criticize the UfM because of its inability to offer new financial incentives in the current economic crisis situation. The reformist sectors of the Arab countries disapprove the UfM because of its technocratic trend that does not take into consideration the values (Democracy, Human Rights) deep-rooted in the Barcelona Process.
framework between the EU and the Mediterranean partners that raises doubts regarding the coordination with the current Euromediterranean Partnership. The UfM is technocratic (technical projects aimed to growth), flexible (variable geometry) and establishes the sense of co-ownership amongst the EU-partners (new co-shared institutions). The changes introduced by the UfM raise doubts and challenges either in the EU or amongst the partners. The formulation process of the UfM, led by Sarkozy, revealed problems of internal cohesion in the EU. Furthermore the institutionalization of the UfM entails a weakening of the Commission role and the communitarian rationale. The partners criticize the UfM because of its inability to offer new financial incentives in the current economic crisis situation. The reformist sectors of the Arab countries disapprove the UfM because of its technocratic trend that does not take into consideration the values (Democracy, Human Rights) deep-rooted in the Barcelona Process.