Autor
Palabras clave
España, Nueva revolución liberal, Elecciones, Siglo XIX.
Resumen
La invasión francesa a España y la caída de la Corona desencadenaron una serie de acontecimientos que culminaron en la instauración de un gobierno representativo en el mundo hispánico. En su esfuerzo por oponerse a los invasores franceses, los españoles formaron una primera Junta Central a manera de gobierno de defensa nacional, y más tarde convocaron a Cortes. Este artículo considera la naturaleza revolucionaria de las elecciones de 1810 a las Cortes de Cádiz, así como el gran impacto que dichos comicios tuvieron sobre los habitantes de Nueva España. El proceso electoral, aunque organizado por los ayuntamientos, incluyó una amplia fase de consulta. Los novohispanos participaron con entusiasmo en las elecciones para un gobierno unificado de la Monarquía española. Puesto que ha habido mucha confusión y numerosos malentendidos en torno al proceso electoral, el presente artículo examina con detalle la naturaleza de la convocatoria para diputados del Nuevo Mundo, los esfuerzos de la Junta Central por incluir no sólo a los criollos, sino también a los indígenas y los mestizos en el citado proceso, y la diferencia entre las elecciones de diputados propietarios y diputados suplentes.
Keywords
Spain, New Spain, liberal revolution, elections, 19th century.
Abstract
The French invasion of Spain and the collapse of the Spanish Monarchy triggered
series of events that culminated in the establishment of representative government in the Hispanic world. In an effort to oppose the French invaders, the Spaniards formed first a Junta Central as a government of national defense and later convened a parliament, the Cortes. This article considers the revolutionary nature of the 1810 elections to the Cortes of Cádiz, and the enormous impact they had on the inhabitants of New Spain. The electoral process, although organized by ayuntamientos (city governments), included widespread consultation. novohispanos (as the people of New Spain were called) enthusiastically participated in the elections for a unified government of the Spanish Monarchy. Since there have been many misunderstandings about these elections, this article examines in detail nature of the electoral decree for New World deputies and the efforts of the Junta Central to include not only Creoles but also Indians and Mestizos in that process. It also considers the difference between elections of proprietary and substitute deputies.
series of events that culminated in the establishment of representative government in the Hispanic world. In an effort to oppose the French invaders, the Spaniards formed first a Junta Central as a government of national defense and later convened a parliament, the Cortes. This article considers the revolutionary nature of the 1810 elections to the Cortes of Cádiz, and the enormous impact they had on the inhabitants of New Spain. The electoral process, although organized by ayuntamientos (city governments), included widespread consultation. novohispanos (as the people of New Spain were called) enthusiastically participated in the elections for a unified government of the Spanish Monarchy. Since there have been many misunderstandings about these elections, this article examines in detail nature of the electoral decree for New World deputies and the efforts of the Junta Central to include not only Creoles but also Indians and Mestizos in that process. It also considers the difference between elections of proprietary and substitute deputies.