Autor
Palabras clave
nacionalización
homogeneización cultural
etnicidad
guerra civil
franquismo.
Resumen
En este artículo estudio la renacionalización franquista centrándome en dos referentes esenciales: la violencia y la religión. Planteo que el franquismo constituye un ejemplo de Estado homogeneizador impulsado por un etnonacionalismo extremo que tenía como referente cultural la tradición católica. Paso revista a la función de la cultural alcanzada y el papel que jugó la religiosidad popular como experiencia de la nación franquista. De acuerdo a este análisis propongo que el franquismo logró «reconstruir» la nación española de acuerdo a un proyecto de destrucción del proyecto nacional republicano, experiencia que lo asemeja a otros casos de nacionalización extrema y homogeneización nacional en Europa escasamente atendidos por la historiografía española.
Keywords
Nationalization of the masses; cultural homogenization; ethnonationalism; Spanish Civil War; Francoism.
Abstract
The Francoist state was founded as a radical solution to the historical confrontation between two great and mutually incompatible visions of the nation: the liberal
and the Catholic one. Expanding on the concept of “national homogenization”, the article explores the processes of State formation in Eastern Europe as a pattern in the formation of the Francoist nation state. It argues that Francoism was substantially an ethnonationalist political regime that fostered an aggressive nationalization of the masses founded upon political violence and Catholic religion. As a result of this political program, which is analyzed, the Republican national community was dismantled and erased, and Spain was “reconstructed” as a culturally homogeneous Catholic national community.
and the Catholic one. Expanding on the concept of “national homogenization”, the article explores the processes of State formation in Eastern Europe as a pattern in the formation of the Francoist nation state. It argues that Francoism was substantially an ethnonationalist political regime that fostered an aggressive nationalization of the masses founded upon political violence and Catholic religion. As a result of this political program, which is analyzed, the Republican national community was dismantled and erased, and Spain was “reconstructed” as a culturally homogeneous Catholic national community.