Autor
Palabras clave
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar – Convenio Marpol 73/78 – Directiva 2005/35/CE – contaminación por descargas procedentes de buques – parámetros de validez.
Resumen
La contaminación por descargas procedentes de buques está regulada por normas internacionales que se han convertido en reglas o estándares de obligado cumplimiento con carácter general. Su falta de eficacia provoca que las descargas de todo tipo sigan produciéndose. Ante esta situación, la Unión Europea decidió elaborar nuevas reglas en su lucha contra este tipo de contaminación. Esas reglas sólo en parte incorporan los estándares internacionales, pues tratan de establecer criterios más exigentes que consigan una reducción de las descargas. Pero, como normas de derecho comunitario institucional, esas reglas deben respetar las normas internacionales que, sobre esta materia, vinculan a la Comunidad. En el asunto Intertanko, el Tribunal de Justicia negó que esas normas internacionales pudieran ser parámetros de validez de las reglas comunitarias sobre contaminación por descargas procedentes de buques.
Keywords
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea – Marpol Agreement 73/78 - Directive 2005/35/EC – pollution by discharges coming from ships – parameters of validity.
Abstract
The pollution by discharges coming from ships is regulated by international rules that have become rules or standards of forced fulfillment with general character.
Its lack of effectiveness causes that the discharges of all type continue taking place. Before this situation, the European Union decided to elaborate new rules in its fight against this type of pollution. Those rules only partly incorporate the international standards, because they try to establish criteria more demanding than they obtain a reduction of the discharges. But, like rules of institutional community law, those rules must respect the international rules that, on this matter, tie the Community. In the Intertanko case, the Court of Justice denied that those international rules could be parameters of validity of the community rules on pollution by discharges coming from ships.
Its lack of effectiveness causes that the discharges of all type continue taking place. Before this situation, the European Union decided to elaborate new rules in its fight against this type of pollution. Those rules only partly incorporate the international standards, because they try to establish criteria more demanding than they obtain a reduction of the discharges. But, like rules of institutional community law, those rules must respect the international rules that, on this matter, tie the Community. In the Intertanko case, the Court of Justice denied that those international rules could be parameters of validity of the community rules on pollution by discharges coming from ships.