Autor
Palabras clave
Bolivia. Plurinacionalidad. Organización territorial del Estado. Derechos de los pueblos indígenas.
Resumen
El presente artículo se detiene en uno de los aspectos que más controversia ha generado durante el proceso constituyente boliviano, la plurinacionalidad y la organización territorial del Estado. El artículo muestra la imposibilidad de hablar, en este tema, de una total harmonía entre la parte dogmática y la parte orgánica de la Constitución. Al contrario, el cruce de «clivages» distintas (étnico-culturales, políticas, de clase social, etc.) presentes durante el proceso constituyente, las cuales han influido en el contenido final del texto, han provocado que existan diversas tensiones entre la definición del Estado como plurinacional y los principios constitucionales establecidos en la parte dogmática de la Constitución y la parte orgánica del texto (organización territorial del Estado). El resultado, un modelo de plurinacionalidad y organización territorial imposible de entender desde una visión únicamente étnico-cultural. Sólo a partir de una visión que contemple interrelacionadamente todas las contradicciones presentes en la realidad del país puede llegarse a entender los logros y los límites del reconocimiento constitucional de la plurinacionalidad en Bolivia.
Keywords
Bolivia. Pluri-nationality. Territorial organization of the state. Indigenous rights.
Abstract
This paper stops at one aspect that has generated more controversy during the Bolivian constitutional process, the pluri-nationality and the territorial organization of
the state. The paper shows the impossibility of speaking, on this issue, of a total harmony between the dogmatic and the organic part of the Constitution. On the contrary, the crossing of different cleavages (ethno-cultural, political, social class, etc.) present during the constitutional process, which influenced the final content of the text, have caused the existence of many tensions between the definition of the state as plurinational and the constitutional principles set out in the dogmatic part of the Constitution and the organic part of the text (territorial organization of the state). The result is a model of pluri-nationality and territorial organization impossible to understand from an ethnocultural vision only. Just from a vision that includes interrelationship all contradictions which exist in the reality of the country can be understood the achievements and limits of constitutional recognition of plurinationality in Bolivia.
the state. The paper shows the impossibility of speaking, on this issue, of a total harmony between the dogmatic and the organic part of the Constitution. On the contrary, the crossing of different cleavages (ethno-cultural, political, social class, etc.) present during the constitutional process, which influenced the final content of the text, have caused the existence of many tensions between the definition of the state as plurinational and the constitutional principles set out in the dogmatic part of the Constitution and the organic part of the text (territorial organization of the state). The result is a model of pluri-nationality and territorial organization impossible to understand from an ethnocultural vision only. Just from a vision that includes interrelationship all contradictions which exist in the reality of the country can be understood the achievements and limits of constitutional recognition of plurinationality in Bolivia.